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The percentage yield of an aldol condensation can vary depending on several factors, including the specific reactants, reaction conditions, and purification methods. Here are some points to consider:
Favorable conditions: A high yield is favored by using a strong base, appropriate solvent, and low temperature. The reaction should be monitored carefully to ensure completion and prevent side reactions.
Side reactions: Aldol condensations can be susceptible to side reactions, such as dehydration, which can lower the yield. Careful control of the reaction conditions can minimize these side reactions.
Purification: The purification method can also significantly impact the yield. Effective purification techniques, such as recrystallization or chromatography, are essential to isolate the desired product.
In general, aldol condensations can yield products with moderate to high yields (50-90%) under optimized conditions.