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Soap is a mixture of different chemical compounds, but the most common type of soap is made from a reaction between a fat or oil and a strong base, such as lye. This reaction is called saponification. The products of saponification are soap and glycerol. The chemical formula of soap depends on the specific fat or oil and base used. For example, the chemical formula of soap made from coconut oil and lye is C17H35COONa. However, it is important to note that the composition of soap can vary, and there are many different types of soap available.