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Transition elements are a group of elements in the periodic table that are characterized by having a d orbital with a partially filled electron configuration. They are located in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, and include elements such as scandium, titanium, iron, copper, and zinc. Transition elements are known for their ability to form colored ions, and are often used in pigments and dyes. They are also used in a variety of industrial applications, such as catalysis and metallurgy.