Frequently Asked Question

Ethene and ethane are two hydrocarbons with the same molecular formula, C2H6, but different structures and properties. Here's a differential test to distinguish between them:

1. Physical State:
- Ethene (C2H4): Ethene is a gas at room temperature and pressure.
- Ethane (C2H6): Ethane is a gas at room temperature and pressure.

2. Reactivity:
- Ethene: Ethene is more reactive than ethane due to the presence of a double bond between the carbon atoms, which makes it more susceptible to electrophilic addition reactions.
- Ethane: Ethane is less reactive than ethene due to the presence of only single bonds between the carbon atoms. It mainly undergoes substitution reactions.

3. Addition Reactions:
- Ethene: Ethene undergoes addition reactions, such as hydrogenation, halogenation, and hydration, due to the presence of the double bond. These reactions result in the formation of saturated products.
- Ethane: Ethane does not undergo addition reactions since it has only single bonds between the carbon atoms.

4. Combustion:
- Ethene: When ethene is burned in the presence of oxygen, it produces a luminous, smoky flame with a lot of soot due to its high carbon content.
- Ethane: When ethane is burned in the presence of oxygen, it produces a clean, blue flame with little to no soot due to its lower carbon content.

By performing these differential tests, you can distinguish between ethene and ethane based on their physical state, reactivity, addition reactions, and combustion properties.