Frequently Asked Question

To separate the components of a mixture containing iron filings, sodium chloride, cyclohexane, and water, one can use a combination of physical methods such as filtration, distillation, and magnetic separation. Here's a step-by-step procedure:

1. Magnetic Separation: Iron filings can be easily removed from the mixture using a magnet. Place the mixture on a piece of paper and hold a magnet over it. The iron filings will be attracted to the magnet and can be easily collected.

2. Filtration: A filter paper can be used to separate the solid components (iron filings and sodium chloride) from the liquid components (cyclohexane and water). Pour the mixture onto the filter paper placed in a funnel. The solids will be trapped on the filter paper, while the liquids will pass through. The filtrate, which contains cyclohexane and water, can be collected in a separate container.

3. Distillation: Distillation is used to separate liquids with different boiling points. In this case, cyclohexane and water can be separated by distillation. The filtrate obtained from the filtration step is heated in a distillation apparatus. Cyclohexane, having a lower boiling point (81 °C) than water (100 °C), will vaporize first and can be collected in a separate container. The remaining water can be collected separately.

4. Evaporation: After distillation, the cyclohexane can be further purified by evaporation. Place the collected cyclohexane in an open container and allow the remaining water to evaporate. The cyclohexane can then be collected by decantation or pipetting.

By following these steps, the components of the mixture - iron filings, sodium chloride, cyclohexane, and water - can be effectively separated using a combination of physical methods.