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) Identify the ground state free ion term symbols and (b) the ground-state energy terms, in both octahedral and tetrahedral fields, for Cu2+

Accepted Answer
Cu²⁺

Electronic Configuration: [Ar] 3d⁹

Octahedral Field:

Ground State Free Ion Term Symbol: ⁴F

Ground State Energy Term: ²Eg (Since Cu²⁺ has an odd number of electrons, it has a spin-only magnetic moment, making it paramagnetic.)

Tetrahedral Field:

Ground State Free Ion Term Symbol: ⁴F

Ground State Energy Term: ²T₂g (In a tetrahedral field, the energy levels are inverted compared to an octahedral field. The ground state is thus ²T₂g for Cu²⁺.)

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