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Notes on atomic structure of atoms
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The atomic structure of an atom consists of a small, dense nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. Protons carry a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons are negatively charged. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number and its identity as an element. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom defines its mass number. Electrons occupy specific energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus, and their arrangement determines the atom's chemical properties.
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