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Relation between kd and distribution ratio in mathematical form

Accepted Answer

The distribution ratio (D) and the partition coefficient (Kd) are related as follows:
D = Kd
[H+]/[H+]org
where:

D is the distribution ratio, which is the ratio of the analyte's concentration in the organic phase to its concentration in the aqueous phase.

Kd is the partition coefficient, which is the equilibrium constant for the distribution of the analyte between the organic and aqueous phases.

[H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous phase.

[H+]org is the hydrogen ion concentration in the organic phase.
The distribution ratio takes into account the effect of pH on the distribution of the analyte between the two phases. The partition coefficient, on the other hand, is a constant that is independent of pH.

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