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Saponification of lard with NaOH

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Saponification of lard with NaOH is the process of making soap. Lard is a type of animal fat that contains triglycerides. When lard is reacted with NaOH (sodium hydroxide), the ester bonds in the triglycerides are broken, producing glycerol and fatty acid salts. These fatty acid salts are the soap molecules. This reaction is called saponification and is a classic example of a base-catalyzed hydrolysis of an ester.

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