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Summarize the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. Include key intermediates and enzymes.
Accepted Answer
The synthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan) in humans is a complex process that occurs in the liver. It begins with the shikimate pathway, which involves the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate into chorismate.
Key intermediates:
Shikimate
Chorismate
Key enzymes:
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (DAHP synthase)
Chorismate synthase
From chorismate:
Phenylalanine is synthesized by phenylalanine synthase.
Tyrosine is synthesized by tyrosine hydroxylase from phenylalanine.
Tryptophan is synthesized from chorismate in a multi-step process involving anthranilate synthase and tryptophan synthase.
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