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Using slater's rules, the effective nuclear charge for a valence electron in 27 Co2+
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The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) for a valence electron in Co²⁺ can be calculated using Slater's rules. Here's how:
1. Electron Configuration: The electronic configuration of Co²⁺ is [Ar] 3d⁷. Since we're interested in the valence electrons, we focus on the 3d orbitals.
2. Slater's Rules: Slater's rules assign shielding constants (S) to each electron based on its orbital and its position relative to the valence electron. Here's how it works:
Electrons in the same shell as the valence electron: Each electron in the same shell contributes 0.35 to S. For Co²⁺, there are 6 other electrons in the 3d shell (7 total), contributing 6
0.35 = 2.10 to S.
Electrons in the inner shells: Each electron in an inner shell contributes 1.00 to S. Co²⁺ has 18 electrons in the inner shells (1s², 2s², 2p⁶, 3s², 3p⁶), contributing 18
1.00 = 18 to S.
3. Calculating Zeff: Zeff is calculated as:
Zeff = Z - S
Where Z is the atomic number of cobalt (27) and S is the total shielding constant.
Zeff = 27 - (2.10 + 18) = 6.90
Therefore, the effective nuclear charge for a valence electron in Co²⁺ is approximately 6.90.
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