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Separation techniques are used to separate two or more components of a mixture. The choice of separation technique depends on the physical properties of the components.
Water and ethanol can be separated by distillation. Distillation is a separation technique that uses the difference in boiling points of the components to separate them. Water has a boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius, while ethanol has a boiling point of 78 degrees Celsius. When a mixture of water and ethanol is heated, the ethanol will vaporize first and can be collected separately.
Other separation techniques that can be used to separate water and ethanol include filtration, extraction, and chromatography.