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The common instrumental factors affecting TG curves include:
1. Temperature: The heating rate can significantly impact the TG curve. A higher heating rate will lead to a faster decomposition of the sample, resulting in a steeper slope on the TG curve.
2. Sample mass: The mass of the sample can affect the TG curve, as a larger sample mass will produce a more pronounced weight change than a smaller sample mass.
3. Gas flow rate: The flow rate of the inert gas can influence the TG curve, as a higher gas flow rate will help remove volatile decomposition products from the sample chamber, leading to a smoother curve.
4. Crucible material: The material of the crucible can affect the TG curve, as some crucibles may react with the sample, leading to additional weight changes.
5. Atmosphere: The atmosphere in the furnace can affect the TG curve, as some gases can react with the sample, leading to additional weight changes.
6. Instrument calibration: The instrument calibration can affect the TG curve, as an incorrect calibration can lead to inaccurate weight measurements.