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What are the factors affecting ion exchange equilibria (short question)
Accepted Answer
The factors affecting ion exchange equilibria include:
1. Nature of the ion exchanger: This includes the type of functional groups present on the exchanger, the exchange capacity, and the selectivity of the exchanger for different ions.
2. Nature of the ions: This includes the charge, size, and hydration of the ions. The selectivity of an exchanger for different ions also depends on the size and shape of the ions, the number of charges they carry, and their hydration energies.
3. Concentration of the ions: The concentration of the ions in solution affects the equilibrium constant for the ion exchange reaction. The higher the concentration of the ions, the more likely they are to be exchanged.
4. Temperature: The temperature affects the equilibrium constant for the ion exchange reaction. The higher the temperature, the less likely the ions are to be exchanged.
5. pH: The pH of the solution affects the equilibrium constant for the ion exchange reaction. The pH can affect the ionization of the functional groups on the exchanger, which can in turn affect the selectivity of the exchanger for different ions.
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