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What are the long term consequences of nitrogen fertilizer effluent discharge into the soil(easy words)
Accepted Answer
Nitrogen fertilizer effluent discharge into the soil can lead to several long-term consequences, including:
1. Eutrophication: Nitrogen fertilizers contain high levels of nitrates, which can leach into waterways and cause excessive growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This can lead to oxygen depletion, fish kills, and other water quality problems.
2. Groundwater contamination: Nitrogen fertilizers can also contaminate groundwater, making it unsafe for drinking or other uses. Nitrates in groundwater can cause health problems such as blue baby syndrome in infants and methemoglobinemia in adults.
3. Soil acidification: Nitrogen fertilizers can contribute to soil acidification, which can damage crops and reduce soil fertility. Nitrification, the process by which soil bacteria convert ammonium to nitrate, produces hydrogen ions that can lower soil pH.
4. Greenhouse gas emissions: Nitrogen fertilizers can also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. Nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, is produced during the nitrification process.
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