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Glass is typically made from a mixture of silica (SiO2), soda ash (Na2CO3), and lime (CaO). These ingredients are heated to a high temperature, causing the silica to melt and form a viscous liquid. The soda ash lowers the melting point of the silica, while the lime increases the stability and durability of the glass. Other elements like boron, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum can also be added to adjust properties like color and resistance to heat.