Frequently Asked Question

A saturated solution is a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature. It is also known as a "saturated solution." In such solutions, the rate of dissolution of the solute equals the rate of crystallization or precipitation of the solute. The solubility of a substance in a solvent depends on the temperature, pressure, and nature of the solute and solvent. The higher the temperature, the more soluble the solute is in the solvent. This is because heat increases the kinetic energy of the solute particles, allowing them to overcome intermolecular attraction and dissolve more readily. Conversely, lower temperatures decrease solubility. Pressure has little effect on the solubility of solids and liquids in liquids. However, it significantly affects the solubility of gases in liquids. Increasing pressure increases the solubility of gases in liquids, while decreasing pressure decreases their solubility. The nature of the solute and solvent also plays a role in solubility. Polar solutes tend to be more soluble in polar solvents, while nonpolar solutes tend to be more soluble in nonpolar solvents. This is because polar solutes and solvents can form strong intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonds or dipole-dipole interactions. On the other hand, nonpolar solutes and solvents can only interact through weak van der Waals forces. Adding more solute to a saturated solution will not cause more of the solute to dissolve. Instead, the excess solute will remain undissolved and form a precipitate at the bottom of the container.