Top topic this week
Back to FAQs
Related FAQs
Frequently Asked Question
Questions asked by users might not always be phrased in the clearest way.
What is the effective nuclear charge for a valence electron in co 2+
Accepted Answer
The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) for a valence electron in Co2+ is approximately +7. Here's how we can estimate it:
Cobalt (Co) has an atomic number of 27, meaning it has 27 protons in its nucleus.
Co2+ has lost two electrons, leaving it with 25 electrons.
The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by a valence electron. To calculate Zeff, we can use the following approximation: Zeff = Z - S, where Z is the atomic number and S is the screening constant, which represents the shielding effect of the inner electrons.
Estimating the Screening Constant (S):
Core electrons: The 1s, 2s, and 2p electrons effectively shield the valence electrons from the full nuclear charge. We can approximate this shielding as S = 18.
Calculating Zeff:
Zeff = Z - S = 27 - 18 = +9.
However, the 3d electrons also provide some shielding. Since they are in the same shell as the valence electrons, their shielding effect is less than the core electrons. Therefore, the actual Zeff for a valence electron in Co2+ will be slightly lower than +9.
Approximation: Zeff ≈ +7.
This means that the valence electrons in Co2+ experience an attraction to the nucleus that is about 7 times the charge of a single proton.
Articles you might like