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What is the effective nuclear charge of a valence electron in Co2+?
Accepted Answer
The effective nuclear charge (Zeff) of a valence electron in Co2+ is approximately 19.3. Here's how we can estimate it:
Cobalt (Co) has an atomic number of 27, meaning it has 27 protons in its nucleus.
Co2+ has lost two electrons, leaving it with 25 electrons.
The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by a valence electron. This is less than the full nuclear charge due to the shielding effect of inner electrons.
To calculate Zeff, we can use Slater's rules, which provide a way to estimate the shielding constant (S) for each electron. After calculating S, Zeff is calculated as Zeff = Z - S. However, calculating Zeff with Slater's rules for transition metals can be complex due to the involvement of d-electrons.
While a precise calculation using Slater's rules is beyond the scope of this response, the approximate Zeff of 19.3 provides an idea of the strong attractive force experienced by the valence electrons in Co2+.
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