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The reaction of magnesium (Mg) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) is a single-displacement reaction. In this reaction, the more reactive metal (Mg) displaces the less reactive metal (Zn) from its salt solution. The chemical equation for this reaction is:
Mg + ZnSO4 → MgSO4 + Zn
In this reaction, magnesium is oxidized from a neutral state to a +2 oxidation state, while zinc is reduced from a +2 oxidation state to a neutral state. The observation during this reaction is the formation of a white precipitate of zinc hydroxide (Zn(OH)2), which is insoluble in water.