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Zinc pyrithione is a fungicide used in shampoos and sprays to treat dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. It works by inhibiting the growth of the fungus Malassezia globosa, which is a common cause of these conditions. The zinc ion (Zn²⁺) in zinc pyrithione has antimicrobial properties and can disrupt the fungal cell membrane. The pyrithione molecule also has antifungal activity and can interfere with the fungus's ability to produce energy.