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Questions asked by users might not always be phrased in the clearest way.

A student has accidentally spilled 100.0 ml of 3.0 mol/l nitric acid onto the lab bench. What mass of sodium bicarbonate would the teacher need to sprinkle on this spill to neutralize and clean it up?

Accepted Answer

To neutralize the spilled nitric acid, the mass of sodium bicarbonate required can be calculated using the balanced chemical equation and stoichiometry:

2HNO3 + Na2CO3 → 2NaNO3 + H2O + CO2

From the equation, 2 moles of HNO3 react with 1 mole of Na2CO3.

Given volume of HNO3 = 100.0 mL = 0.1 L
Concentration of HNO3 = 3.0 mol/L

Therefore, moles of HNO3 = 0.1 L × 3.0 mol/L = 0.3 mol

According to the stoichiometry, 0.3 mol of HNO3 will react with 0.15 mol of Na2CO3.

Molar mass of Na2CO3 = 106 g/mol

Therefore, the mass of sodium bicarbonate required = 0.15 mol × 106 g/mol = 15.9 g


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