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Propanal forms an orange precipitate when reacted with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine due to the formation of a hydrazone derivative. The reaction is specific to aldehydes and ketones, which contain the -CHO or -CO- functional groups, respectively. Propane, propene, and propanol do not contain these functional groups and therefore do not react with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine to form an orange precipitate.