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Suggest a reaction condition to produce malic acid from fumaric acid at 100 c

Accepted Answer

Fumaric acid can be converted to malic acid by hydration. This reaction is typically catalyzed by an enzyme (fumarase) in biological systems. However, you can achieve this chemically under acidic conditions. A common approach involves using a strong acid like sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in water at elevated temperatures. The reaction would proceed via an electrophilic addition mechanism. Note that the reaction temperature of 100°C might not be sufficient for a complete conversion in a reasonable timeframe. Higher temperatures and catalyst concentration can be employed to improve the reaction rate. You can find more specific reaction conditions in organic chemistry textbooks or specialized resources on organic synthesis.


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