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Explain the types of hybridization
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Hybridization refers to the process of combining atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals with different shapes and energies. Here are 3 main types of hybridization:
1. sp hybridization: Occurs when one s orbital and one p orbital combine to form two sp hybrid orbitals, which are linear in shape and 180° apart.
2. sp2 hybridization: Occurs when one s orbital and two p orbitals combine to form three sp2 hybrid orbitals, which are trigonal planar in shape and 120° apart.
3. sp3 hybridization: Occurs when one s orbital and three p orbitals combine to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals, which are tetrahedral in shape and 109.5° apart.
Each type of hybridization gives the bonded atoms a specific molecular geometry and influences the properties of the molecule.
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